1. In current competitive business environment is necessary to strive to prevent defects and failures rather than repairs.

2. Nonconformance characteristics can be classified into four categories: critical, major, minor, and incidental. The critical classification is reserved to nonconformance posting safety risk or lead to system failure.

3. Spend more on appraisal and prevention activities reduce the cost of Internal and external failures.

4. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) must consider possible failures modes as well as individual failure modes.

5. Optimizing only one aspect of the product will not optimize the whole product. You must seek a balanced compromise on the multiple aspects and define inspections to reflect it.

6. Quality management attends to identify and correct as much nonconformity in the least time possible.
In removing defects, the focus is on those that would prevent the system from meeting its most critical requirements.

7. Risk priority number (RPN) = Severity (SEV) x Probability (Pro) x Detectability (Det）

8. Grade is “a category or rank used to distinguish items that have the same functional use (e.g., “hammer”), but do not share the same requirements for quality.

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9. By continuously reducing inventory and other sources of non-value, problems are exposed and solved as part of the continued improvement.

10. Six Sigma strives for less than 3.4 PPM scrap or defects in the process!

11. The process for continuous improvement or DMAIC (Defined, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) involves defining the best measures to improve the process, implementing and tracking those measures, and reducing defects.

12. Quality starts with the agreement of the layout, product requirements, and specifications between you and the customer.

13. When the requirements have not been defined in detail or agreed upon, the result is neglecting important features and leaving the customer unsatisfied.

14. Modifications must be approved by the client and project team. They should be specified in the product specification and proved to fit their intended purpose.

15. Configuration management identifies the important product specifications, their associated components, and their configuration in the product.

16. Quality planning sets the requirements and standards to be met as well as the actions necessary to meet those requirements and standards.

17. Quality assurance is a process to perform the planed’s quality activities and to ensure that the project utilizes processes necessary to meet the quality standards and project requirements.

18. Quality control is the process to ensure the quality assurance activities are being performed according to approved quality plans, and the project requirements and standards are being met.

19. Quality planning establishes organization quality management procedures and policies to maintain quality assurance and quality control in the project.

20. ISO 9001 prescribes that an organization must determine (a) _____________, (b) _________, (c) _________________ for design and development.